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DREAMS
By John and Liz Soars
Some people say that they never dream. But that is not possible. Everybody has dreams, but some people just have a better memory for them than others. Every one and a half hours throughout the night we live our private fantasies in our dreams-we can forget the good behaviour of the day and we are free to behave in any way we want. Images from our past and present come together. But as soon as we wake, the dream starts to melt, and the more we try to remember the details, the more we forget.
So, why do we dream? Are dreams important? The experts tell us that they are, because they can help us prepare for the problems of everyday life. The images in our dreams have special meaning, and they can help us to understand our inner personality.
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41. What is the meaning of the word: behaviour, in line 4:
a) way of acting
b) a sort of food
c) having something
d) using something
e) a way of organizing something
Comentário:
O vocábulo behavior ou behaviour significa comportamento. A alternativa “a” traz a opção “way of acting”, ou seja, modo de agir.
42. The experts says that:
a) Nobody dreams
b) Dreams can change our personality
c) Dreams explain our problems
d) Dreams are important for our daily life
e) Dreams are unforgettable
Comentário:
Observe no texto a pergunta e a resposta destacadas em azul no texto. A questão 42 apenas troca o verbo to tell (contar) pelo verbo to say (dizer) e daily life (vida diária) por everyday life (dia a dia).
43. The word: us, in line 7 refers to:
a) relative pronoun
b) possessive pronoun
c) objective pronoun
d) personal pronoun
e) reflexive pronoun
Comentário:
a - Relative Pronouns - who, which, that, whose…
b - Possessive Pronouns – mine, yours, his, hers…
c - Objetive Pronouns – me, you, him, her, it, us you, them.
Lembre que esses pronomes são utilizados após verbos ou preposições e equivalem aos pronomes do Caso Oblíquo.
OBjective - OBlíquo
d – Personal Pronouns – I, you, he, she, it...
e – Reflexives – Myself, yourself…
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Wonderful Wine
By speak up magazine
Drinking red wine is good for your health. This is well known, but a new study reports that it contains a compound, Resveratrol, which is the elixir of life. Scientists have searched for a substance to stop aging for centuries, and Dr David Sinclair of Harvard Medical School says he has discovered it. His team combined live yeast and Resveratrol.
Surprisingly, the yeast samples didn’t die, instead they lived 60 per cent longer. The compound turns on genes which increase longevity and Sinclair is now developing
drugs to cure diseases of aging, such as diabetes, cancer and even Alzheimer´s disease.
He compares his breakthrough to the discovery of antibiotics: people lived 40 years on average before their introduction. His discovery will not only increase the length, but
also the quality of our lives. |
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44. “The compound turns on genes which increase longevity……”
The expression in bold, in the sentence above, means:
a) ativar
b) criar
c) acender
d) seguir
e) tornar
Comentário:
Mesmo quando estamos nos referindo a simples ação de ligar e desligar as luzes usamos “turn on ou turn off”. Mas cuidado, nesta frase falamos que “o fermento (yeast) TURNS ON gens que aumentam...” Ativar é mesmo a melhor opção.
45. What is the correct plural form of the word: Discovery
a) discoves
b) discovers
c) discoveryies
d) discoverys
e) discoveries
Comentário:
Substantivos terminados em Y precedidos por consoante formam plural trocando o Y por IES.
Exemplos:
- Study (estudo)/studies (estudos)
- Party (festa)/parties (festas)
- Lady (dama)/ladies (damas)
46. “His discovery will not only increase the length, but also the quality of our lives.”
“Not only………. but also……..” In the sentence above is a connector of:
a) introduction
b) addition
c) time
d) opinion given
e) contrast
Comentário:
Simplesmente traduzindo as palavras temos: “Não apenas... mas também...” . As palavras destacadas certamente dão idéia de adição.
47. According to the text 2:
a) Red wine has a compound that will improve our life quality
b) People will live 40 years more if they drink wine
c) Red wine makes people more beautiful
d) Dr. Sinclair’s discovery is better than antibiotics
e) We will live 60 per cent longer if we drink wine
Comentário:
Observe as frases em azul no texto. “Beber vinho faz bem à saúde... ele contém um componente, Resveratrol, que é o elixir da vida. ...”
Certamente que este componente “will improve our life quality” , ou seja, melhorará nosso qualidade de vida.
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CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBAL WARMING
By Natural Resources Defense Council
The latest scientific data confirm that the earth's climate is rapidly changing. Global
temperatures increased by about 1 degree Fahrenheit over the course of the last century,
and will likely rise even more rapidly in coming decades. The cause? A thickening layer
of carbon dioxide pollution, mostly from power plants and automobiles, that traps heat in
the atmosphere. Scientists say that unless global warming emissions are reduced,
average U.S. temperatures could rise another 3 to 9 degrees by the end of the century --
with far-reaching effects. Sea levels will rise, flooding coastal areas. Heat waves will be
more frequent and more intense. Droughts and wildfires will occur more often. Diseasecarrying mosquitoes will expand their range. And species will be pushed to extinction.
Many of these changes have already begun. |
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48. According to the text 3 above, mark True or False.
I – ( ) The world temperature will rise 3 to 9 degrees in a 100 years
II – (T) Global warming will lead some species to extinction
III – (T) The temperatures will probably rise more rapidly the next years
IV – ( ) Global warming is caused exclusively by pollution in the rivers
It is correct to say that:
a) II and IV are false
b) II and III are true
c) I and II are true
d) I and III are false
e) Only III is true
Comentário:
Apenas comparando as frases II e III destacadas respectivamento no texto em vermelho e azul podemos concluir que a reposta correta é a alternativa “b”.
49. What is the correct meaning of “power plants” in the text 3 above.
a) A terminology used for different kinds of buildings
b) A group of plants that heals injuries
c) A kind of plant that gives power to people
d) A company in the middle of the jungle
e) A building or a group of buildings where electricity is produced
Comentário:
A palavra “plant” poderia gerar uma falsa sensação de segurança no vestibulando. Dificilmente encontramos esta palavra com a tradução usina ou fábrica.
Observar o texto era a melhor saída. Fica claro na frase destacada em rosa que: dióxido de carbono, na maioria de POWER PLANTS e automóveis, prende calor na atmosfera...
Plantas que poluem?
Segundo o dicionário Cambridge:
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/define.asp?key=60499&dict=CALD
plant (BUILDING/MACHINES)
noun
1 [U] machines used in industry:
The industry was accused of having invested little in workers, plant or infrastructure.
2 [C] a factory in which such machines are used:
Two more car-assembly plants were closed by the strike.
50. “And species will be pushed to extinction.”
What is the grammar applied in this excerpt?
a) Simple Present
b) Simple Future
c) Passive Voice
d) Active Voice
e) Future Perfect
Comentário:
Você deveria ter muito cuidado com a palavra “excerpt”. Ela é um falso cognato e foi certamente utilizada para gerar esta confusão. Excerpt significa “trecho”, e não “exceto”.
A presença do auxiliar “will” nos faz lembrar de algo no futuro. Três alternativas passam a ser analisadas – b, c, e.
O Simple Future é formado por “will + Infinitivo sem TO”; O Future Perfect tem “will + have + verbo no particípio”.
Marcamos então a alternativa “c”. Traduzindo a frase temos: “E espécies serão empurradas para extinção” – “E espécies serão levadas à extinção”.
As espécies levarão? Não! Elas serão levadas. (Voz Passiva de uma frase no Simple Future – Extintion will push species).
COMENTÁRIO GERAL
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Historicamente as provas do vestibular da UDESC são bem acessíveis. Nos últimos anos a interpretação de textos/vocabulário tem predominado e desta vez não foi diferente, porém o número de falsos cognatos surpreendeu e elevou o grau de dificuldade da prova - dez questões e três textos também contribuíram. As questões gramaticais também eram bem simples (pronomes [43], plural [45]) e apenas uma (Passive Voice [50]) poderia gerar dúvida.
Sinceramente espero que todos tenham feito uma excelente prova. Qualquer problema ou dúvida você pode entrar em contato!
celinho@celinho.com
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